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Research Digest Series / Assessment Strategies / Full Curriculum / Student Activities  Web Learning Sites / WorksheetsOnline Reading Books/ Student Information /
Instructor Information / Research and Evaluation /Noteworthy Practices

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Research Digest Series

To help learners improve their reading skills, adult educators can draw on a research base in reading instruction that has evolved over the past two decades.  This series of research digests, published by the California Department of Education and produced by CALPRO, presents emerging principles from that research base, which encompasses research in adult literacy as well as applicable research in the kindergarten through 12th grade (K-12) arena.  By integrating reading research with practitioner wisdom, practitioners can make informed instructional decisions. This is known as Evidence-Based Reading Instruction (EBRI).

The California Department of Education Office of Adult Education encourages practitioners to practice EBRI; this includes using assessments to create profiles of learners’ reading skills and using explicit, systematic instruction in each of four reading components—alphabetics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension—to address learners’ needs. No single component of reading, by itself, can produce a proficient reader; all four components are crucial for reading proficiency.

The following four digests provide an overview of the research on each component area as well as suggested teaching strategies. Taken together, they provide current information on what the research reveals about reading instruction.

Assessment Strategies

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Assessment Strategies and Reading Profiles

This website is based on the ARCS, a study that assessed the reading of 955 adult learners. Researchers tested participants individually on eleven skills (components) that contribute to reading ability. A list of scores for each learner became that individual's reading profile, illustrating his or her strengths and instructional needs.

 

On this website, 569 Adult Basic Education (ABE) learners from the ARCS are grouped into 11 profiles. Each profile group shows a distinctive pattern and/or level of reading component skills. You will learn more about profiles as you navigate the site via the two tracks described below.

 

Two Website Tracks:

On the "Match a Profile" track, you can enter scores for your learner and be matched to one of the 11 ARCS-based profiles. You will find suggestions for instruction as well as information about the ARCS learners in this group that may relate to your learner.

 

Although you will find enough information on the "Match A Profile" track to understand your learner's reading profile, the "Mini-Course" offers an opportunity to learn more about reading. You will find extensive information on the major reading components and assessment as well as sections containing references and downloadable resources.

 

 

Full Curriculum

 

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Student Activities

 

Web Learning Sites

 

Worksheets

 

Online Reading Books

 

Student Information

 

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Instructor Information

Reading Instruction Materials Flowchart for Levels 4 - 8.9

Developed by Caldwell Community College

 

Reading Strategies

Research and Evaluation

  • The projects within the Adult Literacy Research Network are studying the effectiveness of adult literacy interventions for low-literate adults, including the role of decoding, vocabulary, fluency and comprehension instruction and explicitness of instruction--components that have been shown to be essential in teaching reading to younger students, but instructional methods for teaching them to adults have not been thoroughly investigated. Learn more about the six funded research studies.

     

  • The The Partnership for Reading offers information about the effective teaching of reading for children, adolescents, and adults, based on the evidence from quality research. This site provides information on the research and principles about reading instruction.

     

  • The book Research-Based Principles for Adult Basic Education Reading Instruction [downloadable files] PDF (703 KB) by John Kruidenier represents the work of the Reading Research Working Group, a panel of experts on reading research and practice convened to identify and evaluate existing research in adult literacy reading instruction and provide a summary of scientifically based principles and practices.

     

  • Adult Literacy Research Informing Practice: A Series of Workshops was sponsored jointly by government and private sector entities in 2002 for the purpose of developing specific recommendations for a program of research on adolescent literacy.

 

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Noteworthy Practices

  • Two Initiatives in Family Literacy involve the creation of professional development opportunities and tools related to reading skills development for use by family literacy service providers.

     

  • The Partnership for Reading's Adult Reading Instruction presents evidence-based practices for teaching reading to adults in adult basic education and family literacy programs.

     

  • The STudent Achievement in Reading (STAR) Project is a partnership with six states to translate and disseminate evidence-based reading practices through a series of local pilot programs. Each state selects several local pilot programs whose teachers and administrators will receive intensive training on reading strategies and on implementing a data-driven change model. Please see the STAR newsletter [downloadable files] MS WORD (101K) for additional information.

     

  • The Adult Reading Components Study (ARCS) was conducted by researchers at the National Center for the Study of Adult Learning and Literacy (NCSALL), who tested the reading ability of 955 adult learners on eleven skills components that contribute to reading ability and came up with a profile of each learner's strengths and instructional needs.

     

  • The National Center for Family Literacy-sponsored Family Partnership in Reading Project will create and disseminate research-based professional development strategies to enable staff in Head Start, Early Head Start, Even Start and other programs providing family literacy to support family literacy.

     

  • The Knowledge Loom "spotlights" are organized collections of resources on selected education topics. The collection on adolescent literacy provides research-based literacy strategies that benefit adolescents and other resources are continually added.

 

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Additional Links

  • Among the seven topics chosen for review by the What Works Clearinghouse during its first year of operation was Programs for Increasing Adult Literacy, one of our nation's most pressing issues. The systematic review will focus on programs that teach the literacy and language skills that adults need to function effectively. The review will include programs that serve adult nonnative speakers of English and adults who are proficient in spoken English but who lack basic literacy skills.

     
  • LiteracyLink's Workplace Essential Skills provides online lessons and activities that cover four general areas of workplace preparation: Employment Strategies, Communicating at Work, Reading at Work, and Math at Work. These sections are divided into units on specific topics, with each unit presenting two kinds of activities--Internet and video.

     
  • The ERIC (Educational Resource Information Center) is a national information system funded by the U.S. Department of Education's Institute of Education Sciences to provide access to education literature and resources.

     
  • The National Center for ESL Literacy Education (NCLE) focuses on the language and literacy education of adults and out-of-school youth who are learning English, providing information on adult ESL literacy education to educators, program directors, researchers and policymakers interested in the education of those whose native language is other than English.

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